Redstone Government Consulting Blog | John C. Shire, CPA (3)

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Current FAR Requirements

Federal Acquisition Regulations (FAR) 42.101 provides that normally, “the Defense Contract Audit Agency (DCAA) is the responsible Government audit agency.” While DCAA’s website states “DCAA provides audit and financial advisory services to DoD and other federal entities responsible for acquisition and contract administration.” DCAA only has appropriated funds to provide services to the Department of Defense (DoD). All other federal agencies must pay for DCAA services. This can make a decision related to the necessity of an audit service a budget-based decision. Today, DCAA is current on the required incurred cost audits of contractors with DoD contracts, but contractors with mostly National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) contracts are years behind in their required incurred cost audits. If, as the FAR states, “DCAA is the responsible Government audit agency,” why is it not a Federal audit agency (dare we say – FCAA)? This would make things much easier for NASA and other federal agencies that need their contracts audited. However, given that this isn’t the case, DCAA is not the only option for federal agencies. Many agencies other than DoD have contracted with third-party CPA firms to get necessary audits performed.

Cost Accounting Standard (CAS) 408 was put in place to provide consistency in the measurement and allocation of vacation, sick leave, holiday, and other compensated personal absences. Today, many contractors refer to all paid time off as “PTO.”

On August 9, 2023, DCAA issued guidance to its auditors revising the real-time labor and material testing requirements. DCAA historically referred to these procedures as Mandatory Annual Audit Requirements (MAARs) 6 and 13. DCAA states in its guidance what its auditors need to know is that “[l]abor and material are two of the most significant cost elements billed under government contracts. As such, one of the primary reasons … [DCAA] audit[s] labor and material costs incurred is to determine the accuracy of the charges. The real-time verification of these costs as they are incurred provides valuable confirmation of the accuracy of the charges and can only be accomplished during the accounting period to which they apply.” I cannot really argue with this statement.

The FACT SHEET issued by the White House on November 8, 2023 professes the four underlying initiatives “will generate more than an additional 10 billion annually in savings and cost avoidance while improving the performance of Federal contracts.” Seeing as it also states, “[l]ast year alone, the Federal Government purchased $700 billion of goods and services,” – this 1.5% saving would be a good start. So, let’s take a look at these initiatives.

The Defense Contract Audit Agency (DCAA) issued a memorandum to its leadership – and ultimately its auditors in the field – addressing a revision to its audit guidance related to the audit of contractor cost impact calculations for unilateral cost accounting practice changes (23-PAC-009(R) Revised Audit Guidance on the Cost Impact Calculation for a Unilateral Cost Accounting Practice Change – dated October 3, 2023). Well, it is about time.

If this were only a simple question. The most straightforward answer is that it is a good idea for any company to have policies and procedures. If that company is going to do business with the US Government those policies and procedures are going to have to be expanded as each contract may present additional requirements. To help you understand the complex level of requirements we will address the major business systems and other key areas.

Well – besides being the first thing your friendly DCAA auditor will ask you for, they should be something your employees use and rely on daily. The last thing you want is one of your employees telling an auditor they have never seen or read the company’s policies and procedures. The joy that will come across the auditor’s face will be truly shocking – and – the sadness that will come across your face when the Business System Deficiency Reports start to arrive, requiring endless responses and corrective action plans, will be just as shocking. This fairytale has no happy ending, at least not for you and your company – just a drain on your resources and more audit oversight.

FAR 31.205-20 provides that interest is unallowable on Federal Government contracts, no matter how it is calculated or presented in your financial books and records. This means you cannot propose, bill, or claim your interest expense.

As the Government approaches yet another potential shutdown, we wanted to bring our reader’s attention to the information we have previously provided on this topic and some just-in-case planning suggestions. While unfortunate, the shutdown battles have become a perennial occurrence for most of the last two decades. We began writing on the topic prior to 2010, and our blog archives go back to 2012. The advice from these older blogs is just as relevant to contractors now as when initially published. Below are a few blogs we’ve published on the government shutdown topic: